Philip ashberry and walter barnes



(No Model.)

P. ASHBERRY & W. BARNES. CONSTRUCTION OF MECHANICAL GLIPPERS FOR WOOL 0RHAIR.

mam.

NaPgnted Sept. 18

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP ASHBERRY AND WALTER BARNES, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

CONSTRUCTION OF MECHANICAL CLIPPERS FOR WOOL R HAIR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 526,359, datedSeptember 18, 1894. Application filed January 7, 1893. Serial No.457,700. (No model.) Patented in England May 23, 1892, No- 9,720.

To all whom. it may concern.-

Be it known that we, PHI IP ASHBERRY, manager,and WALTER BARNES,ivory-worker, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, and residents ofSheffield, in the county of York, England, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in the Construction of Mechanical Clippers for W001or Hair; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,

which form a part of this specification, and for which we have obtaineda patent in Great Britain, No. 9,720, bearing date May 23, 1892.

This invention relates to improvements in the mechanical details orparts of clippers for W001 and hair, suchas are usually driven throughthe medium of flexible shafting, and it refers more particularly to thefollowing parts of such apparatus: First, the vibrating arm which drivesthe cutter; second, the self adjusting vertical pillar; third, thetension lever.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in all of thefigures in the annexed drawings.

Figure 1, isa side elevation of the interior of a clipper; Fig. 2, aplan of same. Fig. 3, shows the vertical pillar, part of the arm, theantifriction balls, ball and socket joint, and the tension lever, partsbeing in section; Fig.

4, aplan of tension bar and nut; Fig. 5, a.

side view of pressure screw and retainer, with plan of retainer and nut;Fig. 6, a side view, in part section, of the joint, and the end whereconnected to driving shaft; Fig. 7, an end of joint piece (Fig. 6)showing wheel, and connected joint pins; Fig. 8, front and side view ofmale wheel; Fig. 9, front and side (in section) of female Wheel.

The clipper in its configuration is of ordinary type, of convenient formto be held in the hand, having in front a reciprocating cutter to moveto and fro across the face of a fixed cutter or comb, and a means at theback or opposite end, by which it can readily be connected with the endof a flexible driving shaft.

The apparatus is in two separable parts, hinged or pin-jointed together,in such a manner that they can be relatively turned. to any requiredangle from the joint pins, thus enabling the shearer to turn the clipperin any direction. The working parts are inclosed in leather coveredlight metallic casing, and are easy of access.

1 The objects of the invention are to reduce the friction of the workingparts to a minimum; to improve the construction, and to simplify themechanism of those parts that require the attention of the shearer.

' In carrying out ourinvention, we make the vibrating arm A, with itsfront end A, of a suitable form, such as crescent shaped for example, tocarry the cutter (which is of the usual type) and for this purpose it isprovided with two downwardly projectingdriving pins A which pass throughan intermediate elastic plate A The back end of the arm has asemi-tubular slide A, to engage with an eccentrically held ball on theface of a disk, which is fixed upon the driving splindle, but this partof the mechanism is old. The elastic intermediate plate A is secured tothe under side of the arm A, and has three projecting fingers as shownin Fig. 2, the center one preferably made stronger than the outside oneswhich are turned down on their outer edges to embrace the cutter. Thecenter finger is also preferably raised a little above the plane of theouter fingers, so that when the requisite pressure, or tension as it istechnically called, is applied, and the center finger is brought intocontact with the upper face of the cutter, the more elastic side fingerswill permit a slight rocking movement of the cutter if the opposingfaces of constructed intermediate plate operates to keep the cuttingedges of the comb and cutter in efiective relation to each other, andthus facilitates keeping the clipper in operative condition.

The vertical pillar or stud B, which carries the vibrating arm A, issupported upon a spherical stud O, which enters a corresponding recess,and forms a ball and socket joint, which permits a small amount of selfadjustment of the arm A, and intermediate plate A as above.

The tension-bar D, is-screwed upon the vertical pillar B, and secured bythe locknut E. The under side of the bar forms one of the faces in whichannular grooves are made to receive the antifriction balls F, whichcarry the arm A. The front end of the tension bar D, extends toward thecutter, terminating underneath the end of a vertically moving screw G,indicated in Fig. 1, and shown more particularly in Fig. 5, and whichpasses from the outside through the casing, which is provided with ascrew-threaded nut H, and with locknut H. The point of the said screw,being preferably convex, takes into a recess I in the upper face of thetension bar as a bearing interlocking therewith to prevent any lateralmovement of said tension bar. It is prevented from unscrewing by aspring detent G which enters the teeth G on the under side of the head.

The joint piece J, shown in Fig. 6, forms the preferred connecting partbetween the driving shaft and the mechanism of the clipper. A shortshaft K, is fitted into a corresponding hole made through the part J,and on the front end is fixed a wheel L, which engages with anotherwheel M, fixed upon the driving spindle before mentioned as carrying thedisk and eccentric pin, that imparts the vibrating motion to the arm A.The projecting end of the shaft K, is provided with a stud N, whichenters a slot in the tubular end of the flexible metallic shaft, andwhen turned into the termination of the slot which is made at a rightangle with the first portion, it is securely held in what is known as abayonet joint, and we protect this joint by a surrounding tubular sleeve0.

The junction of the part J,with the clipper must be so constructed, thatthe said parts may be quickly and easily separated and re placed inposition again, and it is important that loose separate joint-pinsshould not be used, as they would be shaken loose by the vibration andconstant movement of the working parts of the apparatus, and be lost. Wetherefore preferably connect the two joint-pins P, by riveting orotherwise fastening them to theend of the bow spring Q. By thisarrangement when the pin holes of each part of the joint are in line,the pins are drawn apart by expanding the bow spring, and are passedinto their respective holes as seen in Fig. '7. The contraction of thespring prevents their escape.

The driving wheels L, and M, through which the rotary motion of theshaft K, is transmit ted through the junction are preferably of peculiarconstruction, which enablesthem to gear together, and work withsmoothness at any angle to which the clipper may be turned.

Instead of spur teeth, we preferably make one of the wheels L, Figs. 6,7, and 8, with a circle of balls or spherical teeth L projecting fromits periphery, and the companion wheel M, Figs. 6 and 9, has acorresponding number of cups or sockets M toengage with the balls,whatever may be their relative or angular position. The joint pins P areso placed that a line drawn through their centers would pass through thecenter of one of the spherical teeth on the wheel L in,its lowermostposition, and the spherical teeth are readily made of great drivingstrength so that one or two in mesh at one time shall be suificient totransmit the necessary power.

The above described mechanical parts and devices when properly made andfitted together, with a casing, cutter and comb, of approvedconstruction, will produce and constitute a mechanical clipper of thegreatest perfection and simplicity, having aminimum of friction in itsworking parts, with great durability and facility of adjustment.

Having thus described the said improvements, we claim as our inventionand desire to patent under this specification 1. In amechanical clipperfor W001 and hair, the vertical pillar B, supported upon a semisphericalstud O, for self adjustment, in combination with a horizontallyvibrating arm A, carried between two circles of balls F, and a tensionbar D, and pressure screw G, substantially as hereinbefore specified.

2. In combination with a vibrating arm A, carried upon avertical pillarcapable of rocking upon its base in any direction, a tension bar D,extending toward the cutter, and having a bearing 1 which interlockswith the end or point of a pressure screw G, to receive its pressure andto prevent lateral movement substantially as specified.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our own we have affixedhereto our signatures, in presence of two witnesses, this 23d day ofDecember, 1892.

PHILIP ASHBERRY. WALTER BARNES.

'Witnesses:

ROBT. F. DRURY,

BERNARD E. DRURY.

